diff options
| author |   Scott Rifenbark <srifenbark@gmail.com> | 2016-09-19 16:45:26 -0700 |
|---|---|---|
| committer |   Richard Purdie <richard.purdie@linuxfoundation.org> | 2016-09-28 15:02:32 +0100 |
| commit | fe8d57543313cd6ef79141ed374ac4f708f4e810 (patch) | |
| tree | f75ba6bf5c207d2a6260dc6f45f76a4ce7903e6d /documentation/sdk-manual/sdk-working-projects.xml | |
| parent | ed6a5495a19b7f2bc0f9ae35027b27f2bb973576 (diff) | |
| download | openembedded-core-contrib-fe8d57543313cd6ef79141ed374ac4f708f4e810.tar.gz | |
sdk-manual: New Projet chapter added and other fixes
I extracted the sections on Makefile, Autotools, and Eclipse into
their own new chapter. Seemed to make sense as they are projet
types for both standard and extensible SDK types. Also, swapped
the order of appearance from standard first to extensible first.
This swapping caused a bit of rewriting.
(From yocto-docs rev: 138a4d5576123da800a8fd8d99462a138ceeb743)
Signed-off-by: Scott Rifenbark <srifenbark@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Richard Purdie <richard.purdie@linuxfoundation.org>
Diffstat (limited to 'documentation/sdk-manual/sdk-working-projects.xml')
| -rw-r--r-- | documentation/sdk-manual/sdk-working-projects.xml | 1461 |
1 files changed, 1461 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/documentation/sdk-manual/sdk-working-projects.xml b/documentation/sdk-manual/sdk-working-projects.xml new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..15e533000c --- /dev/null +++ b/documentation/sdk-manual/sdk-working-projects.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1461 @@ +<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN" +"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd" +[<!ENTITY % poky SYSTEM "../poky.ent"> %poky; ] > + +<chapter id='sdk-working-projects'> + + <title>Working with Different Types of Projects</title> + + <para> + You can use extensible and standard SDKs when working with Makefile, + Autotools, and <trademark class='trade'>Eclipse</trademark> based + projects. + This chapter covers information specific to each of these types of + projects. + </para> + + <section id='autotools-based-projects'> + <title>Autotools-Based Projects</title> + + <para> + Once you have a suitable cross-toolchain installed, it is very easy + to develop a project outside of the OpenEmbedded build system. + This section presents a simple "Helloworld" example that shows how + to set up, compile, and run the project. + </para> + + <section id='creating-and-running-a-project-based-on-gnu-autotools'> + <title>Creating and Running a Project Based on GNU Autotools</title> + + <para> + Follow these steps to create a simple Autotools-based project: + <orderedlist> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Create your directory:</emphasis> + Create a clean directory for your project and then make + that directory your working location: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ mkdir $HOME/helloworld + $ cd $HOME/helloworld + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Populate the directory:</emphasis> + Create <filename>hello.c</filename>, + <filename>Makefile.am</filename>, + and <filename>configure.ac</filename> files as follows: + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para> + For <filename>hello.c</filename>, include + these lines: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + #include <stdio.h> + + main() + { + printf("Hello World!\n"); + } + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + For <filename>Makefile.am</filename>, + include these lines: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + bin_PROGRAMS = hello + hello_SOURCES = hello.c + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + For <filename>configure.in</filename>, + include these lines: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + AC_INIT(hello,0.1) + AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE([foreign]) + AC_PROG_CC + AC_PROG_INSTALL + AC_OUTPUT(Makefile) + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Source the cross-toolchain + environment setup file:</emphasis> + As described earlier in the manual, installing the + cross-toolchain creates a cross-toolchain + environment setup script in the directory that the SDK + was installed. + Before you can use the tools to develop your project, + you must source this setup script. + The script begins with the string "environment-setup" + and contains the machine architecture, which is + followed by the string "poky-linux". + Here is an example that sources a script from the + default SDK installation directory that uses the + 32-bit Intel x86 Architecture and the + &DISTRO_NAME; Yocto Project release: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ source /opt/poky/&DISTRO;/environment-setup-i586-poky-linux + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Generate the local aclocal.m4 + files and create the configure script:</emphasis> + The following GNU Autotools generate the local + <filename>aclocal.m4</filename> files and create the + configure script: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ aclocal + $ autoconf + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Generate files needed by GNU coding + standards:</emphasis> + GNU coding standards require certain files in order + for the project to be compliant. + This command creates those files: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ touch NEWS README AUTHORS ChangeLog + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Generate the configure file:</emphasis> + This command generates the + <filename>configure</filename>: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ automake -a + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Cross-compile the project:</emphasis> + This command compiles the project using the + cross-compiler. + The + <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_REF_URL;#var-CONFIGURE_FLAGS'><filename>CONFIGURE_FLAGS</filename></ulink> + environment variable provides the minimal arguments for + GNU configure: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ ./configure ${CONFIGURE_FLAGS} + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Make and install the project:</emphasis> + These two commands generate and install the project + into the destination directory: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ make + $ make install DESTDIR=./tmp + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Verify the installation:</emphasis> + This command is a simple way to verify the installation + of your project. + Running the command prints the architecture on which + the binary file can run. + This architecture should be the same architecture that + the installed cross-toolchain supports. + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ file ./tmp/usr/local/bin/hello + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Execute your project:</emphasis> + To execute the project in the shell, simply enter + the name. + You could also copy the binary to the actual target + hardware and run the project there as well: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ ./hello + </literallayout> + As expected, the project displays the "Hello World!" + message. + </para></listitem> + </orderedlist> + </para> + </section> + + <section id='passing-host-options'> + <title>Passing Host Options</title> + + <para> + For an Autotools-based project, you can use the cross-toolchain + by just passing the appropriate host option to + <filename>configure.sh</filename>. + The host option you use is derived from the name of the + environment setup script found in the directory in which you + installed the cross-toolchain. + For example, the host option for an ARM-based target that uses + the GNU EABI is <filename>armv5te-poky-linux-gnueabi</filename>. + You will notice that the name of the script is + <filename>environment-setup-armv5te-poky-linux-gnueabi</filename>. + Thus, the following command works to update your project and + rebuild it using the appropriate cross-toolchain tools: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ ./configure --host=armv5te-poky-linux-gnueabi \ + --with-libtool-sysroot=<replaceable>sysroot_dir</replaceable> + </literallayout> + <note> + If the <filename>configure</filename> script results in + problems recognizing the + <filename>--with-libtool-sysroot=</filename><replaceable>sysroot-dir</replaceable> + option, regenerate the script to enable the support by + doing the following and then run the script again: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ libtoolize --automake + $ aclocal -I ${OECORE_TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr/share/aclocal \ + [-I <replaceable>dir_containing_your_project-specific_m4_macros</replaceable>] + $ autoconf + $ autoheader + $ automake -a + </literallayout> + </note> + </para> + </section> + </section> + + <section id='makefile-based-projects'> + <title>Makefile-Based Projects</title> + + <para> + For Makefile-based projects, the cross-toolchain environment + variables established by running the cross-toolchain environment + setup script are subject to general <filename>make</filename> + rules. + </para> + + <para> + To illustrate this, consider the following four cross-toolchain + environment variables: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_REF_URL;#var-CC'>CC</ulink>=i586-poky-linux-gcc -m32 -march=i586 --sysroot=/opt/poky/&DISTRO;/sysroots/i586-poky-linux + <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_REF_URL;#var-LD'>LD</ulink>=i586-poky-linux-ld --sysroot=/opt/poky/&DISTRO;/sysroots/i586-poky-linux + <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_REF_URL;#var-CFLAGS'>CFLAGS</ulink>=-O2 -pipe -g -feliminate-unused-debug-types + <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_REF_URL;#var-CXXFLAGS'>CXXFLAGS</ulink>=-O2 -pipe -g -feliminate-unused-debug-types + </literallayout> + Now, consider the following three cases: + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Case 1 - No Variables Set in the + <filename>Makefile</filename>:</emphasis> + Because these variables are not specifically set in the + <filename>Makefile</filename>, the variables retain their + values based on the environment. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Case 2 - Variables Set in the + <filename>Makefile</filename>:</emphasis> + Specifically setting variables in the + <filename>Makefile</filename> during the build results in + the environment settings of the variables being + overwritten. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Case 3 - Variables Set when the + <filename>Makefile</filename> is Executed from the + Command Line:</emphasis> + Executing the <filename>Makefile</filename> from the + command-line results in the variables being overwritten + with command-line content regardless of what is being set + in the <filename>Makefile</filename>. + In this case, environment variables are not considered + unless you use the "-e" flag during the build: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ make -e <replaceable>file</replaceable> + </literallayout> + If you use this flag, then the environment values of the + variables override any variables specifically set in the + <filename>Makefile</filename>. + </para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + <note> + For the list of variables set up by the cross-toolchain + environment setup script, see the + "<link linkend='sdk-running-the-sdk-environment-setup-script'>Running the SDK Environment Setup Script</link>" + section. + </note> + </para> + </section> + + <section id='sdk-developing-applications-using-eclipse'> + <title>Developing Applications Using <trademark class='trade'>Eclipse</trademark></title> + + <para> + If you are familiar with the popular Eclipse IDE, you can use an + Eclipse Yocto Plug-in to allow you to develop, deploy, and test your + application all from within Eclipse. + This section describes general workflow using the SDK and Eclipse + and how to configure and set up Eclipse. + </para> + + <section id='workflow-using-eclipse'> + <title>Workflow Using <trademark class='trade'>Eclipse</trademark></title> + + <para> + The following figure and supporting list summarize the + application development general workflow that employs both the + SDK Eclipse. + </para> + + <para> + <imagedata fileref="figures/sdk-eclipse-dev-flow.png" + width="7in" depth="7in" align="center" scale="100" /> + </para> + + <para> + <orderedlist> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Prepare the host system for the Yocto + Project</emphasis>: + See + "<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_REF_URL;#detailed-supported-distros'>Supported Linux Distributions</ulink>" + and + "<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_REF_URL;#required-packages-for-the-host-development-system'>Required Packages for the Host Development System</ulink>" + sections both in the Yocto Project Reference Manual for + requirements. + In particular, be sure your host system has the + <filename>xterm</filename> package installed. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Secure the Yocto Project kernel target + image</emphasis>: + You must have a target kernel image that has been built + using the OpenEmbedded build system.</para> + <para>Depending on whether the Yocto Project has a + pre-built image that matches your target architecture + and where you are going to run the image while you + develop your application (QEMU or real hardware), the + area from which you get the image differs. + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para> + Download the image from + <ulink url='&YOCTO_MACHINES_DL_URL;'><filename>machines</filename></ulink> + if your target architecture is supported and + you are going to develop and test your + application on actual hardware. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Download the image from + <ulink url='&YOCTO_QEMU_DL_URL;'> + <filename>machines/qemu</filename></ulink> if + your target architecture is supported and you + are going to develop and test your application + using the QEMU emulator. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Build your image if you cannot find a pre-built + image that matches your target architecture. + If your target architecture is similar to a + supported architecture, you can modify the + kernel image before you build it. + See the + "<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#patching-the-kernel'>Patching the Kernel</ulink>" + section in the Yocto Project Development + manual for an example. + </para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para></listitem> + <listitem> + <para><emphasis>Install the SDK</emphasis>: + The SDK provides a target-specific cross-development + toolchain, the root filesystem, the QEMU emulator, and + other tools that can help you develop your application. + For information on how to install the SDK, see the + "<link linkend='sdk-installing-the-sdk'>Installing the SDK</link>" + section. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Secure the target root filesystem + and the Cross-development toolchain</emphasis>: + You need to find and download the appropriate root + filesystem and the cross-development toolchain.</para> + <para>You can find the tarballs for the root filesystem + in the same area used for the kernel image. + Depending on the type of image you are running, the + root filesystem you need differs. + For example, if you are developing an application that + runs on an image that supports Sato, you need to get a + root filesystem that supports Sato.</para> + <para>You can find the cross-development toolchains at + <ulink url='&YOCTO_TOOLCHAIN_DL_URL;'><filename>toolchains</filename></ulink>. + Be sure to get the correct toolchain for your + development host and your target architecture. + See the "<link linkend='sdk-locating-pre-built-sdk-installers'>Locating Pre-Built SDK Installers</link>" + section for information and the + "<link linkend='sdk-installing-the-sdk'>Installing the SDK</link>" + section for installation information. + <note> + As an alternative to downloading an SDK, you can + build the toolchain installer. + For information on building the installer, see the + "<link linkend='sdk-building-an-sdk-installer'>Building an SDK Installer</link>" + section. + Another helpful resource for building an installer + is the + <ulink url='https://wiki.yoctoproject.org/wiki/TipsAndTricks/RunningEclipseAgainstBuiltImage'>Cookbook guide to Making an Eclipse Debug Capable Image</ulink> + wiki page. + </note> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Create and build your application</emphasis>: + At this point, you need to have source files for your + application. + Once you have the files, you can use the Eclipse IDE + to import them and build the project. + If you are not using Eclipse, you need to use the + cross-development tools you have installed to create + the image.</para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Deploy the image with the + application</emphasis>: + Using the Eclipse IDE, you can deploy your image to the + hardware or to QEMU through the project's preferences. + You can also use Eclipse to load and test your image + under QEMU. + See the + "<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#dev-manual-qemu'>Using the Quick EMUlator (QEMU)</ulink>" + chapter in the Yocto Project Development Manual + for information on using QEMU. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Test and debug the application</emphasis>: + Once your application is deployed, you need to test it. + Within the Eclipse IDE, you can use the debugging + environment along with supported performance enhancing + <ulink url='http://www.eclipse.org/linuxtools/'>Linux Tools</ulink>. + </para></listitem> + </orderedlist> + </para> + </section> + + <section id='adt-eclipse'> + <title>Working Within Eclipse</title> + + <para> + The Eclipse IDE is a popular development environment and it + fully supports development using the Yocto Project. + </para> + + <para> + When you install and configure the Eclipse Yocto Project + Plug-in into the Eclipse IDE, you maximize your Yocto + Project experience. + Installing and configuring the Plug-in results in an + environment that has extensions specifically designed to let + you more easily develop software. + These extensions allow for cross-compilation, deployment, and + execution of your output into a QEMU emulation session as well + as actual target hardware. + You can also perform cross-debugging and profiling. + The environment also supports performance enhancing + <ulink url='http://www.eclipse.org/linuxtools/'>tools</ulink> + that allow you to perform remote profiling, tracing, + collection of power data, collection of latency data, and + collection of performance data. + <note> + This release of the Yocto Project supports both the Neon + and Mars versions of the Eclipse IDE. + This section provides information on how to use the Neon + release with the Yocto Project. + For information on how to use the Mars version of Eclipse + with the Yocto Project, see + "<link linkend='sdk-appendix-mars'>Appendix C</link>. + </note> + </para> + + <section id='neon-setting-up-the-eclipse-ide'> + <title>Setting Up the Neon Version of the Eclipse IDE</title> + + <para> + To develop within the Eclipse IDE, you need to do the + following: + <orderedlist> + <listitem><para> + Install the Neon version of the Eclipse IDE. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Configure the Eclipse IDE. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Install the Eclipse Yocto Plug-in. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Configure the Eclipse Yocto Plug-in. + </para></listitem> + </orderedlist> + <note> + Do not install Eclipse from your distribution's package + repository. + Be sure to install Eclipse from the official Eclipse + download site as directed in the next section. + </note> + </para> + + <section id='neon-installing-eclipse-ide'> + <title>Installing the Neon Eclipse IDE</title> + + <para> + Follow these steps to locate, install, and configure + Neon Eclipse: + <orderedlist> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Locate the Neon Download:</emphasis> + Open a browser and go to + <ulink url='http://www.eclipse.org/mars/'>http://www.eclipse.org/neon/</ulink>. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Download the Tarball:</emphasis> + Click through the "Download" buttons to + download the file. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Unpack the Tarball:</emphasis> + Move to a clean directory and unpack the + tarball. + Here is an example: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ cd ~ + $ tar -xzvf ~/Downloads/eclipse-inst-linux64.tar.gz + </literallayout> + Everything unpacks into a folder named + "eclipse-installer". + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Launch the Installer:</emphasis> + Use the following commands to launch the + installer: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ cd ~/eclipse-installer + $ ./eclipse-inst + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Select Your IDE:</emphasis> + From the list, select the "Eclipse IDE for + C/C++ Developers". + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Install the Software:</emphasis> + Accept the default "cpp-neon" directory and + click "Install". + Accept any license agreements and approve any + certificates. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Launch Neon:</emphasis> + Click the "Launch" button and accept the + default "workspace". + </para></listitem> + </orderedlist> + </para> + </section> + + <section id='neon-configuring-the-mars-eclipse-ide'> + <title>Configuring the Neon Eclipse IDE</title> + + <para> + Follow these steps to configure the Neon Eclipse IDE. + <note> + Depending on how you installed Eclipse and what + you have already done, some of the options will + not appear. + If you cannot find an option as directed by the + manual, it has already been installed. + </note> + <orderedlist> + <listitem><para> + Be sure Eclipse is running and you are in your + workbench. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Select "Install New Software" from the "Help" + pull-down menu. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Select + "Neon - http://download.eclipse.org/releases/neon" + from the "Work with:" pull-down menu. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Expand the box next to "Linux Tools" and select + the following: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + C/C++ Remote (Over TCF/TE) Run/Debug Launcher + TM Terminal + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Expand the box next to "Mobile and Device + Development" and select the following + boxes: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + C/C++ Remote (Over TCF/TE) Run/Debug Launcher + Remote System Explorer User Actions + TM Terminal + TCF Remote System Explorer add-in + TCF Target Explorer + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Expand the box next to "Programming Languages" + and select the following box: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + C/C++ Development Tools SDK + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Complete the installation by clicking through + appropriate "Next" and "Finish" buttons. + </para></listitem> + </orderedlist> + </para> + </section> + + <section id='neon-installing-the-eclipse-yocto-plug-in'> + <title>Installing or Accessing the Neon Eclipse Yocto Plug-in</title> + + <para> + You can install the Eclipse Yocto Plug-in into the + Eclipse IDE one of two ways: use the Yocto Project's + Eclipse Update site to install the pre-built plug-in + or build and install the plug-in from the latest + source code. + </para> + + <section id='neon-new-software'> + <title>Installing the Pre-built Plug-in from the Yocto Project Eclipse Update Site</title> + + <para> + To install the Neon Eclipse Yocto Plug-in from the + update site, follow these steps: + <orderedlist> + <listitem><para> + Start up the Eclipse IDE. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + In Eclipse, select "Install New + Software" from the "Help" menu. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Click "Add..." in the "Work with:" area. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Enter + <filename>&ECLIPSE_DL_PLUGIN_URL;/neon</filename> + in the URL field and provide a meaningful + name in the "Name" field. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Click "OK" to have the entry added + to the "Work with:" drop-down list. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Select the entry for the plug-in + from the "Work with:" drop-down list. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Check the boxes next to the following: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + Yocto Project SDK Plug-in + Yocto Project Documentation plug-in + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Complete the remaining software + installation steps and then restart the + Eclipse IDE to finish the installation of + the plug-in. + <note> + You can click "OK" when prompted about + installing software that contains + unsigned content. + </note> + </para></listitem> + </orderedlist> + </para> + </section> + + <section id='neon-zip-file-method'> + <title>Installing the Plug-in Using the Latest Source Code</title> + + <para> + To install the Neon Eclipse Yocto Plug-in from the + latest source code, follow these steps: + <orderedlist> + <listitem><para> + Be sure your development system + has JDK 1.8+ + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Install X11-related packages: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ sudo apt-get install xauth + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + In a new terminal shell, create a + Git repository with: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ cd ~ + $ git clone git://git.yoctoproject.org/eclipse-poky + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Use Git to create the correct tag: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ cd ~/eclipse-poky + $ git checkout neon/yocto-&DISTRO; + </literallayout> + This creates a local tag named + <filename>neon/yocto-&DISTRO;</filename> + based on the branch + <filename>origin/neon-master</filename>. + You are put into a detached HEAD state, + which is fine since you are only going to + be building and not developing. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Change to the <filename>scripts</filename> + directory within the Git repository: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ cd scripts + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Set up the local build environment + by running the setup script: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ ./setup.sh + </literallayout> + When the script finishes execution, + it prompts you with instructions on how to + run the <filename>build.sh</filename> + script, which is also in the + <filename>scripts</filename> directory of + the Git repository created earlier. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Run the <filename>build.sh</filename> + script as directed. + Be sure to provide the tag name, + documentation branch, and a release name. + </para> + <para> + Following is an example: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ ECLIPSE_HOME=/home/scottrif/eclipse-poky/scripts/eclipse ./build.sh -l neon/yocto-&DISTRO; master yocto-&DISTRO; 2>&1 | tee build.log + </literallayout> + The previous example command adds the tag + you need for + <filename>mars/yocto-&DISTRO;</filename> + to <filename>HEAD</filename>, then tells + the build script to use the local (-l) Git + checkout for the build. + After running the script, the file + <filename>org.yocto.sdk-</filename><replaceable>release</replaceable><filename>-</filename><replaceable>date</replaceable><filename>-archive.zip</filename> + is in the current directory. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + If necessary, start the Eclipse IDE + and be sure you are in the Workbench. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Select "Install New Software" from + the "Help" pull-down menu. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Click "Add". + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Provide anything you want in the + "Name" field. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Click "Archive" and browse to the + ZIP file you built earlier. + This ZIP file should not be "unzipped", and + must be the + <filename>*archive.zip</filename> file + created by running the + <filename>build.sh</filename> script. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Click the "OK" button. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Check the boxes that appear in + the installation window to install the + following: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + Yocto Project SDK Plug-in + Yocto Project Documentation plug-in + </literallayout> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Finish the installation by clicking + through the appropriate buttons. + You can click "OK" when prompted about + installing software that contains unsigned + content. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Restart the Eclipse IDE if necessary. + </para></listitem> + </orderedlist> + </para> + + <para> + At this point you should be able to configure the + Eclipse Yocto Plug-in as described in the + "<link linkend='mars-configuring-the-eclipse-yocto-plug-in'>Configuring the Neon Eclipse Yocto Plug-in</link>" + section. + </para> + </section> + </section> + + <section id='neon-configuring-the-eclipse-yocto-plug-in'> + <title>Configuring the Neon Eclipse Yocto Plug-in</title> + + <para> + Configuring the Neon Eclipse Yocto Plug-in involves + setting the Cross Compiler options and the Target + options. + The configurations you choose become the default + settings for all projects. + You do have opportunities to change them later when + you configure the project (see the following section). + </para> + + <para> + To start, you need to do the following from within the + Eclipse IDE: + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para> + Choose "Preferences" from the "Window" menu to + display the Preferences Dialog. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Click "Yocto Project SDK" to display + the configuration screen. + </para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + The following sub-sections describe how to configure + the plug-in. + <note> + Throughout the descriptions, a start-to-finish + example for preparing a QEMU image for use with + Eclipse is referenced as the "wiki" and is linked + to the example on the + <ulink url='https://wiki.yoctoproject.org/wiki/TipsAndTricks/RunningEclipseAgainstBuiltImage'> Cookbook guide to Making an Eclipse Debug Capable Image</ulink> + wiki page. + </note> + </para> + + <section id='neon-configuring-the-cross-compiler-options'> + <title>Configuring the Cross-Compiler Options</title> + + <para> + Cross Compiler options enable Eclipse to use your + specific cross compiler toolchain. + To configure these options, you must select + the type of toolchain, point to the toolchain, + specify the sysroot location, and select the target + architecture. + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Selecting the Toolchain + Type:</emphasis> + Choose between + <filename>Standalone pre-built toolchain</filename> + and + <filename>Build system derived toolchain</filename> + for Cross Compiler Options. + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis> + <filename>Standalone Pre-built Toolchain:</filename> + </emphasis> + Select this type when you are using + a stand-alone cross-toolchain. + For example, suppose you are an + application developer and do not + need to build a target image. + Instead, you just want to use an + architecture-specific toolchain on + an existing kernel and target root + filesystem. + In other words, you have downloaded + and installed a pre-built toolchain + for an existing image. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis> + <filename>Build System Derived Toolchain:</filename> + </emphasis> + Select this type if you built the + toolchain as part of the + <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#build-directory'>Build Directory</ulink>. + When you select + <filename>Build system derived toolchain</filename>, + you are using the toolchain built + and bundled inside the Build + Directory. + For example, suppose you created a + suitable image using the steps in the + <ulink url='https://wiki.yoctoproject.org/wiki/TipsAndTricks/RunningEclipseAgainstBuiltImage'>wiki</ulink>. + In this situation, you would select + the + <filename>Build system derived toolchain</filename>. + </para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Specify the Toolchain Root + Location:</emphasis> + If you are using a stand-alone pre-built + toolchain, you should be pointing to where + it is installed (e.g. + <filename>/opt/poky/&DISTRO;</filename>). + See the + "<link linkend='sdk-installing-the-sdk'>Installing the SDK</link>" + section for information about how the SDK is + installed.</para> + <para>If you are using a build system + derived toolchain, the path you provide for + the + <filename>Toolchain Root Location</filename> + field is the + <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#build-directory'>Build Directory</ulink> + from which you run the + <filename>bitbake</filename> command (e.g + <filename>/home/scottrif/poky/build</filename>). + </para> + <para>For more information, see the + "<link linkend='sdk-building-an-sdk-installer'>Building an SDK Installer</link>" + section. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Specify Sysroot Location: + </emphasis> + This location is where the root filesystem + for the target hardware resides. + </para> + <para>This location depends on where you + separately extracted and installed the + target filesystem. + As an example, suppose you prepared an + image using the steps in the + <ulink url='https://wiki.yoctoproject.org/wiki/TipsAndTricks/RunningEclipseAgainstBuiltImage'>wiki</ulink>. + If so, the + <filename>MY_QEMU_ROOTFS</filename> + directory is found in the + <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#build-directory'>Build Directory</ulink> + and you would browse to and select that + directory (e.g. + <filename>/home/scottrif/poky/build/MY_QEMU_ROOTFS</filename>). + </para> + <para>For more information on how to + install the toolchain and on how to extract + and install the sysroot filesystem, see the + "<link linkend='sdk-building-an-sdk-installer'>Building an SDK Installer</link>" + section. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>Select the Target Architecture: + </emphasis> + The target architecture is the type of + hardware you are going to use or emulate. + Use the pull-down + <filename>Target Architecture</filename> + menu to make your selection. + The pull-down menu should have the + supported architectures. + If the architecture you need is not listed + in the menu, you will need to build the + image. + See the + "<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_QS_URL;#qs-building-images'>Building Images</ulink>" + section of the Yocto Project Quick Start + for more information. + You can also see the + <ulink url='https://wiki.yoctoproject.org/wiki/TipsAndTricks/RunningEclipseAgainstBuiltImage'>wiki</ulink>. + </para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + </section> + + <section id='neon-configuring-the-target-options'> + <title>Configuring the Target Options</title> + + <para> + You can choose to emulate hardware using the QEMU + emulator, or you can choose to run your image on + actual hardware. + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>QEMU:</emphasis> + Select this option if you will be using the + QEMU emulator. + If you are using the emulator, you also + need to locate the kernel and specify any + custom options.</para> + <para>If you selected the + <filename>Build system derived toolchain</filename>, + the target kernel you built will be located + in the + <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#build-directory'>Build Directory</ulink> + in + <filename>tmp/deploy/images/<replaceable>machine</replaceable></filename> + directory. + As an example, suppose you performed the + steps in the + <ulink url='https://wiki.yoctoproject.org/wiki/TipsAndTricks/RunningEclipseAgainstBuiltImage'>wiki</ulink>. + In this case, you specify your Build + Directory path followed by the image (e.g. + <filename>/home/scottrif/poky/build/tmp/deploy/images/qemux86/bzImage-qemux86.bin</filename>). + </para> + <para>If you selected the standalone + pre-built toolchain, the pre-built image + you downloaded is located in the directory + you specified when you downloaded the + image.</para> + <para>Most custom options are for advanced + QEMU users to further customize their QEMU + instance. + These options are specified between paired + angled brackets. + Some options must be specified outside the + brackets. + In particular, the options + <filename>serial</filename>, + <filename>nographic</filename>, and + <filename>kvm</filename> must all be + outside the brackets. + Use the <filename>man qemu</filename> + command to get help on all the options and + their use. + The following is an example: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + serial ‘<-m 256 -full-screen>’ + </literallayout></para> + <para> + Regardless of the mode, Sysroot is already + defined as part of the Cross-Compiler + Options configuration in the + <filename>Sysroot Location:</filename> + field. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + <emphasis>External HW:</emphasis> + Select this option if you will be using + actual hardware.</para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </para> + + <para> + Click the "Apply" and "OK" to save your plug-in + configurations. + </para> + </section> + </section> + </section> + + <section id='neon-creating-the-project'> + <title>Creating the Project</title> + + <para> + You can create two types of projects: Autotools-based, or + Makefile-based. + This section describes how to create Autotools-based + projects from within the Eclipse IDE. + For information on creating Makefile-based projects in a + terminal window, see the + "<link linkend='makefile-based-projects'>Makefile-Based Projects</link>" + section. + <note> + Do not use special characters in project names + (e.g. spaces, underscores, etc.). Doing so can + cause configuration to fail. + </note> + </para> + + <para> + To create a project based on a Yocto template and then + display the source code, follow these steps: + <orderedlist> + <listitem><para> + Select "C Project" from the "File -> New" menu. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Expand + <filename>Yocto Project SDK Autotools Project</filename>. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Select <filename>Hello World ANSI C Autotools Projects</filename>. + This is an Autotools-based project based on a Yocto + template. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Put a name in the + <filename>Project name:</filename> field. + Do not use hyphens as part of the name + (e.g. <filename>hello</filename>). + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Click "Next". + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Add appropriate information in the various fields. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Click "Finish". + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + If the "open perspective" prompt appears, + click "Yes" so that you in the C/C++ perspective. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para>The left-hand navigation pane shows + your project. + You can display your source by double clicking the + project's source file. + </para></listitem> + </orderedlist> + </para> + </section> + + <section id='neon-configuring-the-cross-toolchains'> + <title>Configuring the Cross-Toolchains</title> + + <para> + The earlier section, + "<link linkend='neon-configuring-the-eclipse-yocto-plug-in'>Configuring the Neon Eclipse Yocto Plug-in</link>", + sets up the default project configurations. + You can override these settings for a given project by + following these steps: + <orderedlist> + <listitem><para> + Select "Yocto Project Settings" from + the "Project -> Properties" menu. + This selection brings up the Yocto Project Settings + Dialog and allows you to make changes specific to + an individual project.</para> + <para>By default, the Cross Compiler Options and + Target Options for a project are inherited from + settings you provided using the Preferences Dialog + as described earlier in the + "<link linkend='neon-configuring-the-eclipse-yocto-plug-in'>Configuring the Neon Eclipse Yocto Plug-in</link>" + section. + The Yocto Project Settings Dialog allows you to + override those default settings for a given + project. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Make or verify your configurations for the + project and click "OK". + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Right-click in the navigation pane and + select "Reconfigure Project" from the pop-up menu. + This selection reconfigures the project by running + <filename>autogen.sh</filename> in the workspace + for your project. + The script also runs + <filename>libtoolize</filename>, + <filename>aclocal</filename>, + <filename>autoconf</filename>, + <filename>autoheader</filename>, + <filename>automake --a</filename>, and + <filename>./configure</filename>. + Click on the "Console" tab beneath your source code + to see the results of reconfiguring your project. + </para></listitem> + </orderedlist> + </para> + </section> + + <section id='neon-building-the-project'> + <title>Building the Project</title> + + <para> + To build the project select "Build All" from the + "Project" menu. + The console should update and you can note the + cross-compiler you are using. + <note> + When building "Yocto Project SDK Autotools" projects, + the Eclipse IDE might display error messages for + Functions/Symbols/Types that cannot be "resolved", + even when the related include file is listed at the + project navigator and when the project is able to + build. + For these cases only, it is recommended to add a new + linked folder to the appropriate sysroot. + Use these steps to add the linked folder: + <orderedlist> + <listitem><para> + Select the project. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Select "Folder" from the + <filename>File > New</filename> menu. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + In the "New Folder" Dialog, select "Link to + alternate location (linked folder)". + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Click "Browse" to navigate to the include + folder inside the same sysroot location + selected in the Yocto Project + configuration preferences. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Click "OK". + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Click "Finish" to save the linked folder. + </para></listitem> + </orderedlist> + </note> + </para> + </section> + + <section id='neon-starting-qemu-in-user-space-nfs-mode'> + <title>Starting QEMU in User-Space NFS Mode</title> + + <para> + To start the QEMU emulator from within Eclipse, follow + these steps: + <note> + See the + "<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#dev-manual-qemu'>Using the Quick EMUlator (QEMU)</ulink>" + chapter in the Yocto Project Development Manual + for more information on using QEMU. + </note> + <orderedlist> + <listitem><para>Expose and select "External Tools + Configurations ..." from the "Run -> External + Tools" menu. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Locate and select your image in the navigation + panel to the left + (e.g. <filename>qemu_i586-poky-linux</filename>). + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Click "Run" to launch QEMU. + <note> + The host on which you are running QEMU must + have the <filename>rpcbind</filename> utility + running to be able to make RPC calls on a + server on that machine. + If QEMU does not invoke and you receive error + messages involving + <filename>rpcbind</filename>, follow the + suggestions to get the service running. + As an example, on a new Ubuntu 16.04 LTS + installation, you must do the following in + order to get QEMU to launch: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ sudo apt-get install rpcbind + </literallayout> + After installing <filename>rpcbind</filename>, + you need to edit the + <filename>/etc/init.d/rpcbind</filename> file + to include the following line: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + OPTIONS="-i -w" + </literallayout> + After modifying the file, you need to start the + service: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ sudo service portmap restart + </literallayout> + </note> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + If needed, enter your host root password in + the shell window at the prompt. + This sets up a <filename>Tap 0</filename> + connection needed for running in user-space NFS + mode. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Wait for QEMU to launch. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Once QEMU launches, you can begin operating + within that environment. + One useful task at this point would be to determine + the IP Address for the user-space NFS by using the + <filename>ifconfig</filename> command. + The IP address of the QEMU machine appears in the + xterm window. + You can use this address to help you see which + particular + IP address the instance of QEMU is using. + </para></listitem> + </orderedlist> + </para> + </section> + + <section id='neon-deploying-and-debugging-the-application'> + <title>Deploying and Debugging the Application</title> + + <para> + Once the QEMU emulator is running the image, you can deploy + your application using the Eclipse IDE and then use + the emulator to perform debugging. + Follow these steps to deploy the application. + <note> + Currently, Eclipse does not support SSH port + forwarding. + Consequently, if you need to run or debug a remote + application using the host display, you must create a + tunneling connection from outside Eclipse and keep + that connection alive during your work. + For example, in a new terminal, run the following: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ ssh -XY <replaceable>user_name</replaceable>@<replaceable>remote_host_ip</replaceable> + </literallayout> + Using the above form, here is an example: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + $ ssh -XY root@192.168.7.2 + </literallayout> + After running the command, add the command to be + executed in Eclipse's run configuration before the + application as follows: + <literallayout class='monospaced'> + export DISPLAY=:10.0 + </literallayout> + Be sure to not destroy the connection during your QEMU + session (i.e. do not + exit out of or close that shell). + </note> + <orderedlist> + <listitem><para> + Select "Debug Configurations..." from the + "Run" menu. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + In the left area, expand + <filename>C/C++Remote Application</filename>. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Locate your project and select it to bring + up a new tabbed view in the Debug Configurations + Dialog. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Click on the "Debugger" tab to see the + cross-tool debugger you are using. + Be sure to change to the debugger perspective in + Eclipse. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Click on the "Main" tab. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Create a new connection to the QEMU instance + by clicking on "new".</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>Select <filename>SSH</filename>, which + means Secure Socket Shell and then click "OK". + Optionally, you can select an TCF connection + instead. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Clear out the "Connection name" field and + enter any name you want for the connection. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Put the IP address for the connection in + the "Host" field. + For QEMU, the default is + <filename>192.168.7.2</filename>. + However, if a previous QEMU session did not exit + cleanly, the IP address increments (e.g. + <filename>192.168.7.3</filename>). + <note> + You can find the IP address for the current + QEMU session by looking in the xterm that + opens when you launch QEMU. + </note> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Enter <filename>root</filename>, which + is the default for QEMU, for the "User" field. + Be sure to leave the password field empty. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Click "Finish" to close the New Connections Dialog. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + If necessary, use the drop-down menu now in the + "Connection" field and pick the IP Address you + entered. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Assuming you are connecting as the root + user, which is the default for QEMU x86-64 SDK + images provided by the Yocto Project, in the + "Remote Absolute File Path for C/C++ Application" + field, browse to + <filename>/home/root/</filename><replaceable>ProjectName</replaceable> + (e.g. <filename>/home/root/hello</filename>). + You could also browse to any other path you have + write access to on the target such as + <filename>/usr/bin</filename>. + This location is where your application will be + located on the QEMU system. + If you fail to browse to and specify an appropriate + location, QEMU will not understand what to remotely + launch. + Eclipse is helpful in that it auto fills your + application name for you assuming you browsed to a + directory. + <note> + If you are prompted to provide a username and + to optionally set a password, be sure you + provide "root" as the username and you leave + the password field blank. + </note> + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Be sure you change to the "Debug" perspective in + Eclipse. + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Click "Debug" + </para></listitem> + <listitem><para> + Accept the debug perspective. + </para></listitem> + </orderedlist> + </para> + </section> + + <section id='neon-using-Linuxtools'> + <title>Using Linuxtools</title> + + <para> + As mentioned earlier in the manual, performance tools exist + (Linuxtools) that enhance your development experience. + These tools are aids in developing and debugging + applications and images. + You can run these tools from within the Eclipse IDE through + the "Linuxtools" menu. + </para> + + <para> + For information on how to configure and use these tools, + see + <ulink url='http://www.eclipse.org/linuxtools/'>http://www.eclipse.org/linuxtools/</ulink>. + </para> + </section> + </section> + </section> +</chapter> +<!-- +vim: expandtab tw=80 ts=4 +--> |